Erythropoietin Is It Worth It - 1542 Words

Erythropoietin: Is it worth it? Carriella Starnes Emory Henry College Over a century ago Eugene Goldwasser and Takaji Miyake worked together in Chicago to synthesize the human hormone erythropoietin, better known as EPO. It took over 10 years for EPO to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration to be used solely for patients with anemia. EPO is naturally produced by the kidneys and is sensitive to the oxygen levels in the blood. When oxygen levels are too low, EPO is released and stimulates the bone marrow to produce more red blood cells. Often times a low oxygen level in the blood can indicate that a person has anemia, which is a â€Å"condition in which the blood is deficient in red blood cells†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦Genius as it was, the system soon caught up and cheating the test became harder (Hopkins, 2000). In the 2004 Olympic games they solely used urine samples to test for synthetic EPO (or rhEPO) in the system, which proved to be a much more accurate way to get results (â€Å"EPO detection†, 2015). Now there are more ways than one to obtain higher levels of EPO. More recently the use of hyperbaric chambers has increased in use by athletes. Hyperbaric chambers increase our oxygen intake from 25% to around 50% by forcing pure oxygen into the lungs which increases oxygen delivery, and thus recovery time is shortened (â€Å"Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for athletes†, 2015). Many professional athletes have used these chambers to assist in injury recovery and recuperation after performances. These aren’t just used for athletes, though; hyperbaric chambers work very well to aid in the management of diseases like chronic fatigue syndrome, Parkinson’s disease, and rehabilitation after surgeries (Howell, n.d.). A tool that may be a little more common is an elevation training mask; these masks are designed to simulate training in higher altitudes by restricting the amount of air one can breathe in. When the amount of oxygen someone breathes in is reduced hemoglobin is produced a t a higher rate, which then transports more oxygen and creates a higher amount ofShow MoreRelatedShould Blood Doping Be Illegal or Legal in Sports?1499 Words   |  6 Pagesthem to keep training at high level because they don’t have to sacrifice their own blood. Since nobody wants to receive the negative effects of doing blood doping, whether it is hemoglobin or autoglobin, they found another way such as using the Erythropoietin (EPO). It is a hormone within the body that stimulates production of red blood cells in the body. Over the years, they were able to reproduce it using recombinant DNA technology. It was originally reproduce to help people who suffered from kidneyRead MoreThe Drug Of Red Blood Cells1568 Words   |  7 Pages Erythropoietin is a hormone that is produced by the kidneys in response to a decrease in the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells in circulation (2). From the kidneys, erythropoietin (EPO) enters the blood stream and enters the bone marrow where it stimulates an increase in the production of red blood cells (1, 2). This mechanism functions as a negative feedback loop since the signaling of an increase in the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood due to an increased number of red blood cellsRead MoreBlood D oping, Human Growth Hormones, Steroid, Beta 2 Agonists1526 Words   |  7 PagesErythropoietin (EPO), blood doping, human growth hormones, steroid, beta-2 agonists. These are a few substances that come into mind when discussing the topic performance enhancing drug also known as doping. Doping is defined as the use of drugs to enhance performance and gain advantage over the other competitors, and it has been an ongoing problem in the sport community since the early centuries, with an increasing trend showing today. Envision yourself competing against an opponent who has beenRead MoreCompetitive Sport And Its Effect On Sports724 Words   |  3 Pageschilling rates. The 2014 Super Bowl alone generated nearly $4 billion in illegal bets. Many experts and government officials are calling for a crackdown on the illegal gambling syndicates that are laundering and hiding filthy amounts of illegal profits worth up to hundreds of millions of dollars. This problem is due nearly solely to te levised sports and the grubby, grimy gambling culture surrounding it. It is just so blatantly obvious that we as a society would be better off without this lowlife industryRead MorePerformance Enhancing Drugs. . Performance-Enhancing Drugs1580 Words   |  7 PagesDrugs Performance-enhancing drugs (PED s) have been an issue for many decades now for the medical and sports field. Olympic and professional athletes have been using them to gain an upper hand on the competition, but some may ask if it s really worth it? Studies show that performance-enhancing drugs have been proven to negatively affect the health of athletes who take them. Simply put, performance-enhancing drugs could either improve athletic performance or can be extremely dangerous, in certainRead More Steroids In Sport Essay695 Words   |  3 Pagesnecessary to use so they can perform better. Some users also experience depression during parts of the cycles when taking the drug.Anabolic steroids are illegal and are sold over the black market and there are different kinds. To name some there are Erythropoietin, stimulants, clenbuterol and other drugs that are marketed as steroid alternatives. Without a prescription steroids are illegally sold. Besides steroids there are other performance enhancers that can be bought over the counter. They are androstenedioneRead MorePro Doping in Sports Debate825 Words   |  4 PagesHealth Risk If each of us ought to be free to assume risks that we think are worth taking, shouldnt athletes have the same freedom as anyone else? In particular, if athletes prefer the gains in performance allegedly provided by the use of steroids, along with the increased risk of harm to the alternative of less risk and worse performance, what gives anyone the right to interfere with their choice? After all, if we should not forbid smokers from risking their health by smoking, why should we prohibitRead MoreShould Blood Doping Be Legal?1836 Words   |  8 Pagesinjections of erythropoietin (EPO), and injections of synthetic oxygen carriers (Eichner). Blood transfusions come in two types: autologous transfusions and homologous transfusions. Autologous transfusions require the athlete to store some of their own blood prior to their competition and have it put back into them before the competition. Homologous transfusions differ in that the athlete has another individual s blood with the same blood type put into them. Injections of erythropoietin (EPO) involveRead MoreThe Use of Performance Drugs in Sports Essay1024 Words   |  5 Pagesrisks. â€Å"Take the time to learn about the potential benefits, the health risks and the many unknowns regarding so-called performance drugs such as anabolic steroids, androstenedione, human growth hormone, erythropoietin, diuretics, creating and stimulants you also may decide that the benefits arent worth the risks.†(Mayo Clinic) Like once some people choose to use drugs to help their performance, other athletes have their freedom of choice infringed upon: if they want to succeed they have to take drugsRead MoreEssay on Performance Enhancing Drugs 1810 Words   |  8 Pagessomebody’s PED problems. Although there are many reasons for athletes to choose to use these drugs, the cost of such use, both to the athlete and to society can be extraordinarily high. The question that many people must answer to themselves is â€Å"is it worth the risk†. Therefore, it is important to understand why performance-enhancing drugs are used, the consequences of their use, and then apply that knowledge to how they are represented in the media. The first thing that we have to look at is why many

Landscape in the Classic Western Free Essays

The article â€Å"Landscape in the Western Classic text: Landscape in the Classic Hollywood Western† by Stanley Solomon focuses around the central claim that landscape is definitive to the film genre of Western, defining both plot and characterization. First, the severity of the barren landscape against which the plot of Western movies revolves suggests that the characters in the movie either have to be rugged or likely to fall prey to more rugged ones. Scarcely populated rural places allow for the clear-cut distinction between an honest group of citizens with local sheriff as their leader and a gang of immoral criminals. We will write a custom essay sample on Landscape in the Classic Western or any similar topic only for you Order Now Since the landscape is clear-cut and straightforward, so are the characters and their moral traits. The same is true for sharply delineated codes of behavior that have to be grasped by both criminals and good guys. The severe natural and human environments, in which the characters of the Western have to act, develop skills crucial to survival, including â€Å"competence in the face of danger, courage, determination, and endurance† (Solomon 1976). The threat in most cases comes not from nature that, for all its mercilessness, is fair and predictable in its threats, but from human villains. The struggle between moral and immoral characters is the cornerstone of the plot. A peculiar environment often tells a lot about the women’s role. Most of female characters, exactly like men, should possess strength of character and survival skills that are looked up to by men. At the same time, women bring a humanizing effect to movies, supporting the value of human life. Western movies often call for insights into the past of the character, in contrast to urban movies where the emphasis is on the throbbing present of the city life. A Western character arrives at the scene a mature man, shaped by his past experiences, that often involve some indelible tragedy. Understanding a character’s past is essential, although information of it is often presented as a mere hint. â€Å"The interrelationships of landscape, characterization, and the past† form the central focus of the Western genre (Solomon 1976). Bibliography Solomon, Stanley. Beyond Formula: American Film Genres. 1976.       How to cite Landscape in the Classic Western, Essay examples

Mock Trial Reflection free essay sample

In our Civil case, I am Jean Welby, who is paul welby’s mother and also the witness of the case. I am 46years old,a stay home mum,living in 1703. w. sesame street. If I need to rate myself for the effort I put into my role, I think I will rate for 4 because everyday, I actively participated in our group discussion and I had read my deposition and the whole story for a a lot of times ,highlighted plenty of important sentences/imformation which could help me for our trail. Also, I prepared and wrote down the questions and answers that the plantiff attorney would ask me during the cross-examination. There is one thing that I am really proud of is that we finishd our whole trail in a right and fair process as well as I completed my witness job successfully. However,there is still one thing I need to do differently. We will write a custom essay sample on Mock Trial Reflection or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When I was reading Jean Welby’s deposition, there was one slang in it, I should ask my American Friends the meaning of the slang instead of using my own way to understand it . To be honest, this mock trail ,which I have never done before is really a good pratical experience for me. Through this imitation trail, I got a better,specific and deepen understanding about the trial and I learned about the leagal system in a more competitive manner. I feel I just experienced a real trail. It’s pretty cool ! Moreover,There are three things that I learned about the trail process from this experience that I didn’t know before I want to say. First, it is about the Baliff. Actually, before the mock trail, I never know there is baliff in the trail. But after experiencing, I know about that before every trail, we should have a baliff like Collin in our mock trail to ask every witness â€Å"do you swear to tell the truth,the whole truth, and nothing but the truth ,so help your god? † And at the same time,witness should raise their right hand and put their left hand on the bible. Another thing is about the â€Å"redirect† and â€Å"recross†. During the redirect and recorss, attorneys should question their own/other witnesses again,but must remain with the scope of what was discussed in cross-examination/redirect. Based on my knowledge about trail process , I didn’t know that the questions attorneys ask during the redirect and recross should be confined into the scope of what was discussed in cross-examination/redirect before. What I think is that attorneys can ask whatever they want to help their trail. The third thing I didn’t know before is about the leading questions. During our mock trail, we could always hear the attorneys will point the other sides’ attorneys didn’t ask the leading questions. When attorneys question witnesses , they must use leading questions which will not involve their own opinions, will not influence the evidence presented and will let witnesses to say the whole storys about the case. In addition, I think our trail was fair. There are some reasons as follows. We strictly followed the right trail process. We had opening statements, direct and cross examination, re-direct ,re-cross, closing statements,jury instructions, and the final verdict. Also, in my opinion, the plaintiff in our civil case met the required standard of proof. They did a good job on organizing and leading the group which include determine charges,accused and witness. They discussed with all the group members a lot and prepared a general plan to win the case. In our case, attorneys and witnesses work together very well,also you can see we have a lot of re-direct and re-cross going on which could provide more and more evidence to jurys. And all the questions that defense attorneys asked were all based on deliberation and deep discussion with group members . Also the questions they asked could help a lot to their sides. For example, our defense attorneys ask the plantiff witness Paul Welby that â€Å"Have his parents talked about the safety rules of driving before? † and â€Å"Did they know paul and Danny were drinking when they were out of the room? †Also they asked the plantiff witness â€Å"police† that â€Å"Whether Danny wore seat belt or not in the car accident? † These three examples all can help to build The Welbys image that they are very good people , they follow the rules and taught their son if he drinked too much, they could pick up him instead of driving by himself. Also they showed the jurys that Danny himself didn’t wear the seat belt when they were driving which directly caused himself serious injury . More importantly, they proved that Mr Welby and Mrs Welby couldn’t foreseen the outcome and injurys of Danny when they provided alcohol to Danny and Paul. According to the aboved reasons,the total money that Danny’s parents sued the welbys were so much and unreasonable. And Based on these information and reasons above, I disagree with the verdict. I think it should not be 50% ,50% for our both sides. We should get more than 50% support that the welbys should not pay Danny’s family that much money.

Small Firm Effect Essay Example

Small Firm Effect Paper At last, a conclusion about whether or not to use this anomaly earn profit will be provided. Explanation of small firm effect and its methodologies Small firm effect refers to a situation which the average risk adjusted returns of smaller firms are higher than the larger firms Band(1981). This situation shows the insufficient of CAMP in predicting the stock returns and counter-argues the efficient market hypothesis Band(1981). It was found by researching the relationship between the return and market value of common stocks in the New York Stock Exchange. The researchers build a generalized asset pricing model which adds the variable market value of security to the capital assets pricing model Band(1981). The constant measuring the contribution of market value of a stock to the expected return of the stock was found as a significantly negative number for the all-time period Band(1981). This indicates that the larger the market values the smaller the expected returns Band(1981). Supporting evidence There are several evidences support the small firm effect as an anomaly counter- argues the efficient market hypothesis in relate to the capital assets pricing model. Under the efficient market hypothesis, no persistent excess profits can be earned on a stock by using public available information. However, the research done by Band(1981) proves that about twenty percent risk-adjusted profits can be earned by using strategy of taking long positions in a portfolio of smaller firms and taking short position in a portfolio of larger firms in a year. Furthermore, the researches done by Brown, Klein and Marsh (1983) shows that excess returns can be earned in related to firm size but the effect is not stable over time. We will write a custom essay sample on Small Firm Effect specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Small Firm Effect specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Small Firm Effect specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Moreover, the study done by Kim(1983) also proves that there is a size related anomaly and its seasonality. Kim(1983) founds around fifty percent of abnormal returns related to firm size are earned in January, twenty-six percent are earned during the first trading week in a year and around eleven percent are earned in the first trading day. Small firm effect in different equity market The study done by Reengaging (1990) found that the relative price behaviors of larger and smaller firms on ETC stocks are different. The costs of trading for small stocks are different in different markets (Reengaging 1990). Thus, an analysis of the evidence for small firm effect in different equity market is important. Small firm effect not only happens in USA but also in the other countries. It has been proved existence in Australia by Brown, Kim, Klein and Marsh (1983). Furthermore, a study done by Chemung, Lounge and Wong (1994) on Korean Stock Exchange also proves the existence of small firm effect. In mean return analysis, the study shows the portfolio with smallest firm size got the highest average monthly return (Chemung, Lounge and Wong 1994). In risk-adjusted return analysis, they use the Sharpe-Lintier version of the two parameter assets pricing model to examine the influence of firm size and E/P ratio on the risk-adjusted portfolio returns (Chemung, Lounge and Wong 1994). The result shows the portfolio of small firms get the highest and only positive risk-adjusted returns (Chemung, Lounge and Wong 1994). Moreover, the small firm effect also exists in Belgium, Ireland, Japan, Mexico, Spain, Switzerland and United Kingdom (Hawaiian and Kim 2000). However, there are no significant relationships between firms size and returns in Canada and France and the size premium significantly different in different markets (Hawaiian and Kim 2000). Small firm effect in different time The researches done by Brown, Klein and Marsh (2001) on U. S. Stock market shows hat excess returns can be earned in related to firm size but the effect is not stable over time. Damson and Marsh (2001) believe that market anomalies apply to Murphys Law which if things can go wrong, it will eventually go wrong. That is, the excess return of small companies will eventually move towards reverse. They compared the stock return of small firms in the U. K. Stock markets with that in the U. S. Stock markets from 1955 to 1997. The study shows the stock returns of small firms were 6% higher than large firms during 1955 to 1986 then many founds Management Company launched between 1987 and 1988, followed a reverse on stock returns of small firms were 6% lower than the large firms from 1989 to 1997 (Damson and Marsh 2001). This may also be contradicts for the small firm effect. Reasons for existence of small firm effect Misprinting Some researchers explained the small firm effect as misprinting from the measurement or method error of assets price model, but Roll (1983) finds this is not the case. He believed that the frequency of trading and holding period can affect the beta estimates. The risks of small firm were undervalued and returns were overvalued for small firms in short holding period (Roll 1983). Furthermore, as small firms are traded not often, the daily stock returns were delayed, the risk was undervalued (Roll 1983). However, Reengaging (1982) use the method of aggregated coefficients to estimate the stock risks and finds undervalue of risks for small firms is not a strong evidence for small firm effect. The study done by Fame and French (1992) also shows firm size is better at explaining the excess returns on small firm than stock risks. Transaction cost The transaction cost for small firms are usually higher than that for large firms. Transaction cost includes direct cost and indirect cost. Indirect cost includes brokerage fees and bid-ask spread. Indirect costs include fees generated by information searching and portfolio management. Amid and Mendelssohn (1986) regard the bid-ask spread as representative of stock trading frequency. Larger bid- ask spread means market thinness. Then they built three models to test the relationship among stock returns, risk of stocks and bid-ask spread. The result shows relationship between stock returns and bid-ask spread are significant stronger than allegations between stock returns and risk of stocks at explaining the small firm effect (Amid and Mendelssohn 1986). Furthermore, Amid (2002) believed that expected market liquidity has a positive influence on ex-ante excess stock returns and return on stock is negatively related over time to contemporaneous unexpected liquidity. Liquidity has stronger influence on small firms (Amid 2002). Amid proved his hypothesis by examine stock in NYSE from 1964 to 1997. Less available information The third reason of existence of small firm effect is small firm has less available information. Theoretical research has proved that firms with less available information should, other variable remain unchanged, get higher returns to make up estimation risk (Manhattans). Thus, less average available information for small firms may be the reason of small firm effect. Nathan (1996) proved this hypothesis in his article. Different fundamental structure Different fundamental structure between large firms and small firms may be one of the reasons for small firm effect. Small firms in NYSE are less efficiently run and have higher financial leverage and these kinds of risks are not easy to be captured by arrest index compare to large firms (Chain and Chem. 1991). Thus the small firm should get higher stock return to make up the estimation risk. Exploit ability and limitation of profit-earning strategy This essay believes that small firm effect is not exploitable now. Somebody may argue that profit can be earned by taking long positions in a portfolio of smaller firms and taking short position in a portfolio of larger firms. In fact, it is hard to keep a portfolio with small shares which long and short position can be held and traded quickly in the real world (Bradford, Haney and Billion 2011). Furthermore, the transaction cost of take short position is larger than take long position (Bradford, Haney and Billion 2011). Moreover, the article written by Damson and Marsh (2001) points out excess return of small companies will eventually move towards reverse and their study shows stock returns of small firms were 6% lower than the large firms from 1989 to 1997 which indicate the small firm effect already move towards reverse in U. K.. Conclusion In conclusion, this essay does not recommend the fund manager use strategy of taking long positions in a portfolio of smaller firms and taking short position in a oratorio of larger firms to exploit as loss may occur.

How to Use Pinterest for Your Job Search

How to Use Pinterest for Your Job Search So yes, we all know of Pinterest as the go-to place to design a wedding mood board or pin recipes to try for summer barbecues. But did you know that you can also it for your job search? On this the fastest growing social media network, you can either waste endless amounts of time pinning â€Å"shoes to buy,† or you can spend your procrastination time by making a job board for yourself. Can’t hurt, might help! Here are a few ways you could use your Pinterest to help boost your job search.1. Pin your resume.Thousands of people do this. You might even see some traffic. Better yet- make a resume Pin Board and fill it with pins that represent all the different parts of your resume highlights. Pin links to the schools you’ve attended, the companies you’ve worked for, the projects you’ve worked on. Make those text boxes work for you- write commentary as you would in your resume for each pin.2. Link it up.Your beautiful Pin Board isn’t going to do yo u much good if no one knows where to find it. Add it to your LinkedIn portfolio, your Facebook and Twitter profiles, even advertise on your Instagram. Add the link to your email signature and business cards. Just make sure there’s nothing unprofessional on your Pinterest (or make those boards private) before linking far and wide.3. Be a follower.For both inspiration and career tips, try following the greats on Pinterest as well as other platforms. CareerBliss is a great place to start, as is your college career office, if they have an account. If you’re unemployed, try the 405 Club. FlexJobs and Brazen Careerist are other great options, but you can always just type â€Å"career advice† into the search bar and see what turns up!4. Stalk potential employers.If the company or companies you want to work for have Pinterest, follow them! You can learn a lot about company culture and what may be expected of you in an interview situation by studying what they post. Re-p in their content if you like it, establishing a connection or- at minimum- making sure they see your little account name pop up every time you do.5. Build your brand.Choose images and words that support the brand you’re cultivating across other platforms. Be professional, of course, but yourself. Never underestimate what a well cultivated Pinterest board can do to show your strengths and tastes and sell you at your best.6. Get inspired.If you’re feeling bored or discouraged in your job search, you can always sift through other job seekers’ Pinterest boards for inspiration. What are some creative ways other people are using social media sites to maximize their search and build their brand? Spend 20 minutes going down the rabbit hole and see whether a better idea strikes you!

Analysis Of Annual Report Of Bendigo And Adelaide Bank For Fy 2016

The title of the report is the analysis of the annual report of the company – Bendigo and Adelaide Bank. The annual report of the company consists of the financial statements of the company and the director’s report and the independent auditor’s report. The financial statements of the company tells about the financial performance of the company that it has gained during the reporting period and the financial position of the company that it has maintained at the end of the reporting period. Both the aspects go and work simultaneously and will inform about the working and functions of the company. The main aim of this report is to analyze the annual report of the company with respect to certain issues like assets and debts which will equip the users of the financial statements of the company including the stakeholders of the company about the working details of the company and to assess whether the company is working as desired by its stakeholders. With this consideration and the aim the report has been bifurcated into different section starting from the historical background of the company. After that the financial position of the company has been analysed by considering the balance sheet at the end of the reporting period. Thereafter the financial performance of the company has been analysed by considering the statement of profit and loss for the given reporting period. At the end the report has been ended by citing the conclusion stating the overall findings and the recommendation stating whether the stakeholders shall invest in this company. The company has its history started in the long back in late years of 1850’s. The company has been incorporated in the year of 1858 as Bendigo Mutual Permanent Land and Building Society to help the people who are migrating from Victoria to give them the better living and the better working conditions. After twenty years of the society formation, in the year of 1877 another society was formed namely Hind marsh Building Society which has only one aim of providing home to everyone who is in Australia. With this aim the society so created has gained the importance from many people. With the passage of the time, the society goes on growing and keeps on merging and acquiring the other societies and in the year 1982, Bendigo Building society has come up as the first financial institution which has introduced both visa and credit cards. In the year of 1993, Bendigo building society acquires the company namely National Mortgage Market Corporation Limited which is engaged in the busines s of mortgage and providing the introducers for the loans and acting as the brokers for arranging the loans. In the years of late 1990’s the company with the development in the field of banking has converted its name from the bendigo building society to Bendigo Bank (Intelligent Investor, 2017).   Bendigo bank opened its first branch office in Victoria and then has focused on the infrastructure projects of the country including the agricultural related business. The company has also been known as the company which has brought the account for offsetting the mortgage. This product has now standardized in the country of Australia. With this expansion and the growth in the business sector, the company in the year of 2007 has rejected the proposal from the Bank of Queensland for having the merger and merged with the well known bank namely Adelaide Bank. Soon after merging with the bank, the company with the approval of the members and shareholders of the company, the company has changed its name from Bendigo Bank to Bendigo and Adelaide Bank (Company Official Website, 2016). With this merger, the existence of the Bendigo and Adelaide bank has come and is now regarded as the fifth largest retail bank in the Australia employing more than 70000 employees across its all branches and serving millions of the customers across Australia for achieving their financial goals.   Ã‚  Ã‚   The financial position of any company is analyzed by critically evaluating the balance sheet of the company. The balance sheet of the company is prepared on the particular date therefore the financial position of the company has been analysed as on 30 th June 2016 (Company Official Website, 2016). There are also other issues like financial assets held for sale, trading and maturity, met loans and other receivable and the investment made in property plant and equipment and also the risk factors that have been mentioned separately in the annual report.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The financial performance of the company is analysed from the statement of income for the financial year ending 30 th of June 2016. Following issues have been identified (Company Official Website, 2016): Thus, apart from the above issues there other financial performance issues like Net Profit and the income tax expense, etc.  Ã‚  Ã‚   The banking industry plays very important role in not only the development of the country but also the development of the individuals by keeping their money safe and providing the interest on their funds and more importantly funding the company which requires for the development of any project which may be infrastructural or financial like agricultural related project or dam building project. Thus, in this way, the banking industry plays very important role in the development. The report has laid down how Bendigo and Adelaide bank has been formed and how the same have grown over the past 158 years at the increasing rate and still have the position of having more developments in the future. The report has analyzed the financial position and performance of the company and thus it is concluded that the report has raised the financial issues with regard to its recognition and presentation in the financial statements. It is recommended that the shareholders should invest and the stakeholder’s shall take interest in the company and shall make their decisions accordingly. Company Official Website, (2016), â€Å"Annual Report 2016†, available on https://www.bendigoadelaide.com.au   accessed on 23/05/2017. Intelligent Investor, (2017), â€Å"Bendigo and Adelaide Bank (BEN)†, available on https://www.intelligentinvestor.com.au/company/Bendigo-and-Adelaide-Bank-Limited-BEN-249121   accessed on 23/05/2017. accounting

Argument about how the spend the money in wors and not for study Essay

Argument about how the spend the money in wors and not for study - Essay Example Various cases particularly in budgeting clearly bring out how our government has attached much importance to wars rather than education over the past years and even currently. The funds used to sustain a single military officer can be adequate for paying one-year college fee for over thirty students in college. With the increasing college fees which is a result of cutting government funds on education, there are many students who do not make it to colleges due to lack of adequate funds to sustain the students in college. This implies that dreams may be shuttered as education plays a vital role in helping most people attain goals. According to (Gardner, Web) the cost of keeping one soldier in Afghanistan is nearly $ 850,000. This amount of money with no doubt can cater for one-year school fee for many students in college or high school. (Gardner Web) also adds that most of the US funding goes to the military as compared to any other government sector and the government tops all other countries in military expenses (Wittner, Web). This clearly shows how our government prioritizes wars over education. This may have serious consequences in the future if the situation is not addressed accordingly. Education is highly valued in most nations and even after the world war, the government of the United States considered education equally important. History shows that after World War II, there was an increase in quest for education, which was highly supported by the government. The government took the initiative to sensitize its citizens on the importance of education to the society. However, the big and controversial question is whether the government really values education as it claims to value it like wars. According to Osborne (Web), modern weapons can cost the government a fortune. For instance, cruise missiles may cost up to 1.5 million dollars (Osborne, Web). The huge amount of money spent on purchasing modern weapons compared to hiring teachers shows how the gove rnment is attaching much importance to wars rather than education. The 1.5 million dollars can pay the salary of over twenty-five teachers in the state schools or these sums of money can be directed in any other way to promote the education sector. There is a possibility of cutting down the military expenses and directing them to the education system without compromising the nation’s security. With the changing world, education has become an important aspect in the lives of people and therefore the US government need to set aside much funds on education just like in the military sector. However, the case has been quite different, the large populations of soldiers needed and the increasing numbers of veterans that need care is alarming. Funds from the government are used to cater for the needs of these war veterans, these are some factors that inflate the military budget. This implies that large amounts of money are needed to sustain these veterans. Although taking care of the se war veterans is as well important, in is as well important for the government or the military sector to come up with ways of generating income to help the veterans. In this way, the government is able to cut the expenses on the military, which can in turn be directed towards the education sector. According to the 2011 US budget, the government spent $ 115,000 more on the

Web Mining and Social Multimedia Research Paper

Web Mining and Social Multimedia - Research Paper Example However, how does data mining filters the information gathered from the web from undesirable and inaccurate data that is so often giving us difficulties in gathering valuable and high-quality results? It is common knowledge that the data found on the web is unstructured, dynamic, complex and huge in amount. This results in difficulties for analyzing such data. What techniques and applications are used in Web Mining to overcome these difficulties? The answers to these questions could benefit both research and industry communities. Web Mining and Social Multimedia Introduction Web mining refers to the application of data mining techniques to extract patterns from the web. Generally data mining allows for analysis of data in order to make rational decision based on the data report collected. It is common knowledge that the data found on the web is unstructured, dynamic, complex and huge in amount which results in difficulties for analyzing such data. Consequently the information gathere d by web mining can be further evaluated using various software or through the traditional data mining parameters such as classification, clustering and association. There are three main axes of web mining which include content mining, usage mining and structure mining. Content mining is usually applied in the examination of data collected by web spiders and search engines. On the other hand, structure mining is used when examining the structure of given websites while usage mining is generally used to study data related to user’s browser as well as the data collected by the forms users usually submit during their web transactions. When such data is being analyzed based on the web documents, especially with a wide spread of social multimedia, the information gathered can benefit research institutions, businesses and economy overall. Additionally web mining can potentially be used in customer relationship management by helping to evaluate the customer behavior, effectiveness o f the website as well as quantify the success of the marketing campaign used in the World Wide Web. Although web mining has numerous potential benefits particularly with regard to the interpretation of meaningful data, the technology has also been regarded as a disruptive technology due to some of the risks it poses both to personal and cooperate privacy (Domingos, 58). For example, the sophisticated technologies used in web mining have significantly increased the risk of information abuse as well as privacy violation. As many social media platforms continue to urge their users to become more transparent by revealing their personal information, the privacy of such users may be compromised. There are a number of data base technologies through which web mining can be used to discover the patterns in data. Some of the commonly used database mining techniques used in web mining include clustering, association and data classification. The difficulties in gathering quality data using web mining techniques usually arise from the fact that there are currently no agreed upon quality assessment models as well as the difficultly that arises from handling the quality of information particularly during the query processing and integration of data. In web mining, some of the scenarios in which the problem of data quality may arise include during the integration of scientific or business data and during the dissemination of the collected data. History of web mining The concept of web mining has rapidly grown in a short period of time both in terms of

Co Operative Society Essay Example for Free

Co Operative Society Essay What Is a cooperative society ? A cooperative (also co-operative or co-op) is a business organization owned and operated by a group of individuals for their mutual benefit. [1] A cooperative is defined by the International Cooperative Alliances Statement on the Cooperative Identity as an autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations through jointly owned and democratically controlled enterprise. [2] A cooperative may also be defined as a business owned and controlled equally by the people who use its services or by the people who work there. Origins In 2001, it merged with 11 cooperative federations which had been its main suppliers for over 100 years. [citation needed] As of 2005, Coop operates 1,437 shops and employs almost 45,000 people. According to Bio Suisse, the Swiss organic producers association, Coop accounts for half of all the organic food sold in Switzerland. [citation needed] Euro Coop is the European Community of Consumer Cooperatives. [edit] Business and employment cooperative Main article: Business and employment co-operative Business and employment cooperatives (BECs) are a subset of worker ooperatives that represent a new approach to providing support to the creation of new businesses. Like other business creation support schemes, BECs enable budding entrepreneurs to experiment with their business idea while benefiting from a secure income. The innovation BECs introduce is that once the business is established the entrepreneur is not forced to leave and set up independently, but can stay and become a full memb er of the cooperative. The micro-enterprises then combine to form one multi-activity enterprise whose members provide a mutually supportive environment for each other. BECs thus provide budding business people with an easy transition from inactivity to self-employment, but in a collective framework. They open up new horizons for people who have ambition but who lack the skills or confidence needed to set off entirely on their own – or who simply want to carry on an independent economic activity but within a supportive group context. New generation cooperative New generation cooperatives (NGCs) are an adaptation of traditional cooperative structures to modern, capital intensive industries. They are sometimes described as a hybrid between traditional co-ops and limited liability companies. They were first developed in California and spread and flourished in the US Mid-West in the 1990s. [26] They are now common in Canada where they operate primarily in agriculture and food services, where their primary purpose is to add value to primary products. For example producing ethanol from corn, pasta from durum wheat, or gourmet cheese from goat’s milk. [27] Types of cooperative Housing cooperative [pic] [pic] Co-op City in New York is the largest cooperative housing development in the world with 55,000 people. [28] Main article: Housing cooperative A housing cooperative is a legal mechanism for ownership of housing where residents either own shares (share capital co-op) reflecting their equity in the cooperatives real estate, or have membership and occupancy rights in a not-for-profit cooperative (non-share capital co-op), and they underwrite their housing through paying subscriptions or rent Housing cooperatives come in three basic equity structures[citation needed]: †¢ In Market-rate housing cooperatives, members may sell their shares in the cooperative whenever they like for whatever price the market will bear, much like any other residential property. Market-rate co-ops are very common in New York City. †¢ Limited equity housing cooperatives, which are often used by affordable housing developers, allow members to own some equity in their home, but limit the sale price of their membership share to that which they paid. †¢ Group equity or Zero equity housing cooperatives do not allow members to own equity in their residences and often have rental agreements well below market rates. Main article: Building cooperative Members of a building cooperative (in Britain known as a self-build housing cooperative) pool resources to build housing, normally using a high proportion of their own labour. When the building is finished, each member is the sole owner of a homestead, and the cooperative may be dissolved. [citation needed] This collective effort was at the origin of many of Britains building societies, which however developed into permanent mutual savings and loan organisations, a term which persisted in some of their names (such as the former Leeds Permanent). Nowadays such self-building may be financed using a step-by-step mortgage which is released in stages as the building is completed. [citation needed] The term may also refer to worker cooperatives in the building trade. citation needed] Utility cooperative Main article: Utility cooperative A utility cooperative is a type of consumers cooperative that is tasked with the delivery of a public utility such as electricity, water or telecommunications services to its members. Profits are either reinvested into infrastructure or distributed to members in the form of patronage or capital credits, which are essentially divi dends paid on a members investment into the cooperative. In the United States, many cooperatives were formed to provide rural electrical and telephone service as part of the New Deal. See Rural Utilities Service. In the case of electricity, cooperatives are generally either generation and transmission (GT) co-ops that create and send power via the transmission grid or local distribution co-ops that gather electricity from a variety of sources and send it along to homes and businesses. [29] In Tanzania, it has been proven that the cooperative method is helpful in water distribution. When the people are involved with their own water, they care more because the quality of their work has a direct effect on the quality of their water. A remarkable development has taken place in Poland, where the SKOK (Spoldzielcze Kasy Oszczednosciowo-Kredytowe) network has grown to serve over 1 million members via 13,000 branches, and is larger than the country’s largest conventional bank. [ In Scandinavia, there is a clear distinction between mutual savings banks (Sparbank) and true credit unions (Andelsbank). [ The oldest cooperative banks in Europe, based on the ideas of Friedrich Raiffeisen, are joined together in the Urgenossen. Federal or secondary cooperatives Main article: Cooperative Federation

Harry S Truman-The Early Years :: essays research papers

Discuss Truman’s early life, including early business, his army service and his political life up through his career in the Senate. Harry S. Truman was born on May 8, 1884, in Lamar, MO. He was the son of John Anderson and Martha Ellen Young Truman. A family compromise between grandfathers middle names, Shipp and Solomon resulted giving him only the middle initial S. Sometimes he used a period (.), sometimes he didn’t. In his early childhood, he moved yearly from farm to farm. In 1890 the family moved to Independence, MO where they remained until 1902. After graduating from High School, Truman worked at several odd jobs until landing a position as a clerk at The Union National Bank. Eventually in 1906, Truman moved back to his grandmother’s farm with his parents and took over running the family farm. Truman had an interest in a zinc and lead mine in Oklahoma—the venture failed with a loss of $2,000. He also invested in oil leases in Texas, Oklahoma and Kansas. Truman and two partners had a well drilled on property in Eureka, Kansas, but Truman gave it up when he joined the Army. Had he stayed back and run the drilling company, he probably would have become a millionaire. Truman took an interest in the Masons and was appointed presiding overseer of a Masonic Lodge and was later elected the lodge Grand Master in 1940. Harry Truman met Elizabeth Virginia (Bess) Wallace in Sunday school when they were both very young, but went through school, graduating together. The two were friendly all through school, although their friendship lapsed when Truman was living and working in Kansas City. When a plate had to be returned to Mrs. Wallace, Bess’ mother, Truman returned the plate and started courting Bess. By early 1917 they were engaged. When the US entered WWII, Truman was sent to Oklahoma as part of the National Guard. He and an advance contingent of the 129th Field Artillery Regiment sailed for France aboard the ‘George Washington.’ Shortly after arriving, Truman was promoted to the rank of Captain and was given command of Battery â€Å"D†, the most unruly group in the regiment. Truman was forthright with the men and it was later recounted that the men ‘idolized’ their captain, referring to him as â€Å"Captain Harry† for the rest of their lives. After the war, Truman and an Army buddy, Ed Jacobson, opened a haberdashery—the shop failed after a few years.

Nigeria and South Africa Essay

The literature review was crucial to this dissertation since it was the major part of the dissertation that examined several secondary sources and reinforced the aim which is to critically analyse and investigate the extent to which physical infrastructure has influenced the tourism industry in Nigeria compared to South Africa. This dissertation has an adapted version of Handy’s (1994) Product Lifecycle Model because it shows the development of physical infrastructure in regards to accessibility within Nigeria and South Africa. This dissertation also has Butler’s TALC Model (1980) to demonstrate the development of tourism in Nigeria and South Africa. The dissertation assesses the impacts of the 3 A’s accessibility, Amenities and Ancillary Services by comparing Nigeria to South Africa. The dissertation answers whether physical infrastructure has positively or negatively influenced Nigeria and South Africa’s tourism industries. This dissertation also includes the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index indicators and the Global Competitiveness index indicators in order to compare the infrastructure rankings in Nigeria and South Africa. There are conclusions which evaluate what the researcher found throughout the dissertation. The recommendations stem from what the researcher discovered and discussed in the conclusions within the dissertation. Aim and Objectives Aim To critically analyse and investigate the extent to which physical infrastructure has influenced the tourism industry in Nigeria compared to South Africa. Objectives To scrutinise secondary research which discusses the state of physical infrastructure. To assess the impacts of the 3 A’s in Nigeria in comparisons to South Africa. To find out whether physical infrastructure had a positive or negative influence on both countries tourism industries. To critically analyse competitiveness indicators in relation to other data sources. To make several recommendations based on the conclusions in this dissertation. Rationale The main purpose of this dissertation is to answer the question- How has physical infrastructure influenced the tourism industry in Nigeria in comparison to South Africa? There are various reasons to why this dissertation is being written. The first reason is there is a gap in academic literature seeing that there is no existing research that compares how physical infrastructure has influenced the tourism industry in Nigeria and South Africa. This could be due to the fact that there are no qualified researchers who have been focusing on documenting such research since researchers may view Nigeria and South Africa as developing economies and would rather conduct research on other countries like England or United States of America. The second reason is that the researcher would be able to explore the aim in great detail through the usage of secondary research and secondary data. Nigeria and South Africa were chosen because both countries have significant roles and influence on the African Continent. Kwintessential (2011) states: â€Å"Along with South Africa, Nigeria is considered a super-power in the African continent. † Tourists frequently visit Nigeria and South Africa. In 2009/ 2010, more than forty-nine million tourists travelled to Africa. The top ten African Countries were Morocco which had nine point twenty-nine million tourists, South Africa had eight point nine million tourists and Nigeria had one point forty-one million tourists (TV3news, 2011). In 2011 Nigeria’s new President Goodluck Jonathan commissioned twenty-five trains and also in 2011 South Africa Transport Minister Sibusiso Ndebele introduced a law called Road Transport Management System (RTMS) which was implemented successfully. Secondary data from 2009, 2010 and 2011 was used because information linked to the Access, Amenities and Ancillary Services was available as major events closely linked to Access, Amenities and Ancillary Services occurred in Nigeria and South Africa. Contribution Secondary data would be required since quantitative data, such as statistical figures are of great importance because they are needed in order to effectively support the findings in this dissertation. The 3 A’s Accessibility, Amenities and Ancillary Services According to Buhalis (2000) there are six A’s which are Attractions, Accessibility, Amenities, Available Packages, Activities and Ancillary Services however for the purpose of this research, this dissertation will only focus on three A’s which are Accessibility, Amenities and Ancillary Services as tourists take these three A’s into consideration when travelling aboard. Accessibility is essential as it enables tourists to travel to visit numerous places within Nigeria and South Africa. Hall et al (2006) refers to Butler (1980) and Wolfe (1952) who believe that accessibility is important seeing that they acknowledge that when accessibility improves an area would experience a growth in tourist numbers. Amenities are vital since tourists need to stay and sleep in accommodation whilst in Nigeria and South Africa. Bhatia (2006) and Hall (2009) agree that accommodation gives tourists the opportunity to spend some time in a destination. Ancillary Services for instance medical facilities like hospitals are important because tourists may need medical assistance so travel insurance is recommended to cover medical emergencies. Cowie (2011) reveals that The Association of British Insurers (ABI) believe there has been an increase in the number of travel insurance claims from holidaymakers particularly holidaymakers over the age of sixty-five.

A Discussion of Assessment and Feedback Issues Essay

A discussion of assessment and feedback issues Assessment is an important part of teaching and learning, the most obvious reason for carrying out assessment is to evaluate the students learning/achievement s and whether the student is heading toward the course of qualification. Teaching within NVQ the criteria is laid out for me as a teacher my role is to prepare the students to observe their performances, question them, and use assessment to make a decision as to whether my learners are competent or capable. I must also to ensure that the assessment meets the criteria and objectives of the NVQ qualification. We as the teachers/assessors want to know whether learning outcomes have been achieved, or if the student is of a standard required to pass and achieve the grade /qualification. It also helps me as the tutor up most to help determine the development the student needs during the course. Assessment is also a away to provide information on individual teacher or the institution. For example; are the teaching methods affective, are the learning objectives appropriate- are they too easy or to difficult. Assessment within my teaching domain comprises of different components, performances in the work places, the use of realistic working environment. With NVQ teaching we have specific criteria that must be covered and include skills as well as knowledge, we the assessors have the decision as to how and where the assessment takes place. NVQ level 1-2-3 hairdressing comprises of units which must be cover die, Level 3 consists of 53 credits minimum split into mandatory units -48 credits and optional unit of which is 6 credits to pass and obtain the qualification. Following VTCT/HABIA critia guide lines and assessment work book. VTCT/HABIA strongly advocates a holistic approach for assessment of learners. Examples include using one assessment method to gather evidence for a number of criteria integrating knowledge into practical observation (i. e. through oral or evidenced on analysis sheets i. e. consultation forms). I myself as a teacher of hair and beauty believe in Habia and VTCT Assessment learning and teaching strategies I believe in engaging and exciting the learner whether it means I need to change the way I assess or how I bring my knowledge forward for learners to understand and help them complete their course. I measure the achievements against the standards set out. One of the advantages of NVQs is that the whole area to be tested is set out from the start. NVQ assessment is usually internal or external or a combination of the two. Internal assessment means myself is responsible for devising and marking assessments be it using case study’s which also help develop functional/key skills, observation ,oral ,informal,ect. These then tend to be verified by the centre internal verifier. I myself am required to set work that will improve practical skills knowledge and understanding. It’s my responsibility to guide learners on the evidence that is needed to be gathered to satisfy assessment. Within my course criteria (NVQ) we use formative and summative assessment as the main hold of the course. Unlike summative assessment which relates to assessment of learning, feedback relates to assessment for learning. Assessment 1998: Torrance and Pryor 1998) which helps the learners progress (Black and William We use formative assessment as formal or informal. For assessment to function formatively, the results have to be used to adjust teaching and learning. † (Black and William 1998: pp. -16) With formative assessment we use a range of activitys, case studies, multiple choice test, practical test, projects, questioning alone or within a group. To help students understand the frame work and what is needed we use in NVQ or within my institution mile stones of 13 weeks covering formative summative and mandatory test assessment. I strongly believe in formative a ssessment for the students and me the teacher for my own evaluation as well as theses; it contributes to the learner’s progress provided guidance on how to bridge the gaps to achieve the desired results, we use ILPS to also help within this process. ILPs individual learning plans, we use these to encourage the students also for means of developing their own targets and to motivate and encourage the students learning development. These documents are updated by learner and teacher throughout the course and are used as part of the formal course assessment. Summative assessment is used for grading or within my teaching domain it’s a simple pass or fail. As stated in (Teaching skills in the further and adult education 3rd addition David Minton p 288) progression and new technology. There is no reason why a teaching session in a hairdressing salon should not be video-taped or photo graphed and presented with by the teacher to explain whys/he did what, what happened, what was observed in a group or individual work. It’s a valuable tool for evaluation as well as valid evidence. It can be shared with mentor or other tutor to compare and evaluate work, to review Atcual teaching session also and assessment of students. I myself have used this and found it a good tool to be used. In regards to questions and feed back during assessment, It’s important to be specific on what can be improved and how. Effective feedback tells the student what they have achieved and where they need to improve. Questioning is used not only as a pedagogical tool but also as a deliberate way for myself the teacher to find out what knowledge and understanding the leaner’s have gained, also to helps myself the teacher see how successful my teaching has been and what areas need to be improved . Questioning is fundamental to effective teaching and learning. As stated by ( Fisher & Frey 2007) Checking for understanding through questioning should not be thought as a simple two step process but rather as a complex progression as the teacher formulates and then listens to the responses of the learners, IE making them from easy to hard and simplifying them for students own level of learning. Self and peer assessment can also be beneficial in feedback and evaluation on own and peers works. As state many academic teachers still tend to retain all ownership and power in the assessment process (Dorothy spiller teaching development wahonga Feb 2012 assessment matters). Self assessment is used during formative assessment which students reflects and evaluates their own work. Seeing their strengths weaknesses and areas they feel they need to improve, helps set self goals becoming more motivated. Self assessment within my teaching area requires the student to fill out self assessment feedback forms in relation to a practical activities carried out, this help them self –evaluate their work strengths and weaknesses. â€Å"SELF ASSESMENT WITH ITS EMPHASIS ON STUDENT RESPONAIBITIY AND MAKING JUDGMENT IS NECESSARY SKILL FOR LIFE LONG LEARNING â€Å"(Bond, 1995, P. 11,). In the3 same contexts Peer feedback can also be beneficial to individuals or groups of students who are keen to experiment and use new ideas. Peers assessment involving students giving feedback on peers work can help students make sense of gaps in their own work. I see self and peer assessment beneficial where certain points are present. Designed to enhance learning ,involving learners in judging own work, help improve and motivated owns mind and work . Boud, D (1995). Enhancing learning through self-assesment. London:Koger page. Boud, (1995 P. 11. ). (Black and William 1998: pp. 5-16) Douglas Fisher& Nancy Frey 2007 www. reading,org questioning. (Teaching skills in the further and adult education 3rd addition David Minton p 288)

Uniquely Monstrous Professor Ramos Blog

Uniquely Monstrous From an anthropological point of view, monsters in every culture display many of the fears of the individuals living in said culture. While it’s true that monsters instill a cultural anxiety, they also hold alternative purpose under the surface. In many ways, they’ve teach much about ourselves in their trail of fear. In this analysis, I’ll be reviewing the monsters from a series called Parasyte: The Maxum. Ive wholeheartedly enjoyed this series several times over and plan to do so again sometime in the future. Whether its for its animation, philosophy or well thoughout plot, there are plenty of reasons to give this show a try. This series premiered in the spring of 2016. Before that it was created as a (Japanese Comic) Manga issued in 1988! The monster in this series comes from an unknown origin, presumably outer space. When the eggs float down from the sky and hatch they have one goal in mind, and that is to find a host. One article by Mick Joest on geektyrant.com states it perfectly when he compares the show to being an â€Å"Alien meets Bodysnatchers† crossover. In the series the parasites subtlety become an epidemic as more parasites take over human brains and adapt to â€Å"hide in plain sight† amongst the humans. They slowly mend into the hierarchy of human society where they become increasingly difficult to spot. Most of these parasites resort to eating humans for sustenance. The main character of the series â€Å"Shinichi Izumi,† along with a couple of other characters he meets along the way, have a special case in where their parasites didn’t reach the human brain. This due to the fact that the parasites upon hatching from their eggs only have a minute amount of time to find a host. So in the case of the main character Shinichi, the parasite had to settle with his right arm. This sets up an interesting dynamic that forces the two to work together as they both start affecting each other’s personality as the story progresses. As many people know, many books that get adapted into films, for some reason, have a hard time keeping true to their source material. Many of the fans from this series have little to say as far as what was changed from the mediums. The most common points made in many of the online forums was that clothing and technology was modernized to fit the time the show aired. This monster is quite unique due to the fact that rather than pertaining directly to the fears or the Japanese culture from which it came. Much of the fears are very universal. This idea is also cemented in an interview with the creator (Hitoshi Iwaaki) found on kodanshacomics.com, when he is asked how he came up with the idea for the story. He said â€Å"I used to watching a lot of documentaries about the food chains in nature as a kid. I remember wanting to write about the â€Å"egotism of the human race over this planet,† but I didn’t want to look down on humans. I just wanted to tell the story from an ordinary person’s point of view.† When he uses the word human, he’s automatically thinking more objectively than subjective, which much of this series focuses on the fact that the world is more connected than ever, its relatively easy to see the connectivity. No matter where you’re from, the idea of a parasite is not unique to one culture. Although the effects of these parasites are amplified to that of reality, it stems from the same root of fear. This monster is not without its subjectivity. In the same interview on kodanshacomics.com, Hitoshi is also asked how he came up with the main character’s parasite â€Å"Migi.† Hitoshi stated â€Å"I don’t remember exactly how I came up with it. But in Japan, there are a lot of monsters in traditional folk tales that are just a hand with eyeballs or, like, a talking tumor.† One of the monsters he could be talking about is the Tenome of Japanese folklore. The name literally translates to â€Å"eyes on hands.† According to yokai.com, this faceless being stalks his prey in open fields and graveyards, using only the eyes on his hands to find its next victim. After reading the description from this creature, its easy to see why this could of inspired Hitoshi to create such a monster. The show doesnt just dazzle with its distinctive monster design, it also brings forth thought provoking senarios. One of the biggest questions this story is â€Å"What does it mean to be human?† One scenario that comes to mind is when Shinichi and Migi are going over the recent killings that the parasites have been committing around town. After Shinichi presens his concerns, Migi voices his confusion when he says â€Å"Your logic is a bit difficult to understand, my kind are just simply eating to stay alive and nothing more.† This moment shines an objective light on how Migi views the scenario. This is an important role the character continues to play throughout the story. Migi then contiues to say â€Å"You just find it unpleasant that it is your own kind thats being eaten.† This statement further drilling in his total lack of empathy. Shinichis then unconfidently says â€Å"of course, human life is a precious thing, isnt it?† This controntation of ideals early in the series marks the tone of existentialism throughout the story. This is also an important metaphorical backbone to the monsters that the parasites are. Theres a point in the series when the dynamic duo take care of the â€Å"final boss,† so to speak. They accomplish this feat only at the cost of Migis life. However this wouldnt be the last of Migi. He ends up reaching out to Shinichi in his dream. And tells him of how hes not dead but will be sleeping and not to worry about anymore parasites. The next day he finds himself in a predicament with another monster. Only this time it was another human. So rather than the parasite monsters hes been fighting with inhuman abilities, hes now facing one of his own kind. In a sense the monster escaped though the reflection on human kind. Not that we are all that way, just the fact that â€Å"not all monsters have tentacles.† I wish you were more self-reflective. Stories and plots where modern humans are pinned up against the â€Å"unknown† Tend to push the boundaries of the human psyche. Whether that be a monster or supernatural event. What’s compelling about this monster, being the parasite, is that there is a forced relationship between the monster and its host, similar to Dr. Frankenstein and his creation. So in that light, the viewer is also forced into a relationship with the parasite. Many thought provoking situations and questions are brought up along their journey. Overall, the parasites from this series is such an interesting case of a monster that reflect to become one with the perceiver to question the view of one self. So if you’re in to syfy, existential crises and are looking for a great new show to watch, I highly recommend this 25 episode psychological thriller! Annotated Bibliography Jeffery Jerome Cohen (1996). Analyzing monsters and their significance.Monster Theory: Reading Culture. Joest, Mick. â€Å"Review: PARASYTE THE MAXIM.†GeekTyrant, GeekTyrant, 25 Mar. 2015, geektyrant.com/news/review-parasyte-the-maxim-mjgt. Kido, Misaki. â€Å"Creator Interview: Hitoshi Iwaaki on Parasyte.†Kodansha Comics, 9 Dec. 2016, kodanshacomics.com/2016/11/02/creator-interview-hitoshi-iwaaki-parasyte/. Meyer, Matthew. â€Å"Yokai.com.† Tenome – Yokai.com, yokai.com/tenome/.

Micro & Macroeconomics and their impact on daily life Essay

Micro & Macroeconomics and their impact on daily life - Essay Example The term ‘micro’ has been derived from the Greek word ‘mikros’ which literally means small. Thus Microeconomics studies economic actions and behavior of individual units and small groups of individual units. Hence, Microeconomics engages in microscopic study of the economy and seeks to determine the mechanism by which different economic units attain their positions of equilibrium, proceeding from individual units to narrowly defined groups. In a modern economy Microeconomic theories and postulates play a very significant role in understanding economic behavior of rational units of an economy. Operation of an economy: Microeconomics explains how a free enterprise operates and functions. Most economies of the world are mixed economies consisting of both public and private sector enterprises where the private sector is much larger than the public sector. Microeconomics explains how a market economy with millions of customers and producers decides the allocation of scarce productive resources among millions of goods. Efficient use of scarce resources: One of the principal problems faced by every economy is to ensure efficient employment of scarce resources between competing ends. Microeconomics helps to understand the mechanisms involved in this regard and assists policy makers to take rational decisions that would achieve economic growth with stability. Economic welfare: The whole structure of welfare economics is built upon the Microeconomic theory of Perfect Competition since maximization of economic welfare is possible only under Perfect Competition.

South africa Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

South africa - Essay Example The companies’ efforts were however met with government’s counter strategies to maintain the practice of apartheid. Caltex, owned jointly by Texaco and SoCal is one example of foreign company operating in South Africa whose shareholders on many occasions tried hard to pass resolutions that were anti apartheid. This paper seeks to highlight Caltex, its conception in the South African market, its operations and how it affected the growth or downfall of the practice of apartheid. First we consider whether the entry of Caltex in South Africa empowered apartheid. Whether or not the utilitarian benefits of Caltex’s operations stood above the moral rights and justice violations that its presence seemed to propagate. In 1975 Caltex sought to expand its investment in South Africa. The expansion could cost $135 million, increase south Africa’s refining capacity by 11% and it promised a return on interest of about 20% i.e. approximately $27 million annually. In essence, a Return on Interest of $27 million annually, had a strong utilitarian benefit. After all Caltex is a profit making company and profit making is the major focus. However, this expansion would consequently strengthen the economy of the very government that was steadfast at maintaining apartheid as its legal policy. A strong economy meant a strong government and thus widespread apartheid. The commitment that Caltex later showed to the plight of their black employees is another utilitarian benefit that requires consideration. They moved 40% of their black workers to refinery jobs initially held by whites and they moved a total of 29 to the topmost four of the white collar and skilled job categories. Even though most blacks remained in the lower job categories, Caltex had at least shown their commitment to eradicating apartheid. The utilitarian benefits of Caltex presenting better working conditions

JOURNAL ASSIGNMENT Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

JOURNAL - Assignment Example This concept shifts the businesses’ marketing efforts from being product-centered to being customer-centered (Borch, 3). After the purchase I went to my grandfather’s house where he showed me his collection of vintage cars. There I found one Ford car called the Model-T Ford. My grandfather told me that at that time they used to sell only this car which was available only in the black color (Brooke, 8). The marketing concept that came to my mind was Mass Marketing where the seller is involved in the mass production, mass distribution and mass promotion of one product for all buyers. Today I was watching television where I saw a news report about a chain of supermarket that is adapting its product range to suit the needs and preferences of the local communities. I immediately linked this news to the marketing concept called Geographic segmentation (McDonald, 121). This kind of segmentation is carried out by companies such as Walmart and Kmart in United States for the purpose of retaining their customers. I was reading a book about Indian economy and how it was in total disarray before the liberalization process in 1991. The book mentioned that after Coca-Cola was forced to make an exit from Indian market, Pepsi made a comprehensive attempt to win over Indian government and business (Bachmeier, 123). The success achieved by this helped Pepsi in entering the market and dominating it for a considerable time. This kind of marketing is called Megamarketing which depends on strategic coordination of economic psychological, political and public relation skills. Branding is a very important marketing concept. It simply establishes a link between the products and services with power of brand. Branding forms an image in the minds of consumers and gives them a reason to buy that product. When I picked up my Gillette razor in

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Assignment Example Introduction An organization can be analysed through various perspectives ranging from bureaucratic, contingency, cultural and political perspectives. Organization bureaucracy is witnessed both in private and public organizations depending on their structure and the culture. The system of bureaucracy is evident in DHL and it from part of the management structure and culture since it is a big firm with lots of activities carried on daily basis. Organizational culture can be considered as the basis for administration since each organization as its own set of rules that determine its behaviour. Every organization has their own unique cultures that are applied in their daily applications to achieve their aims and objectives. A proper organizational structure ensures that there is a smooth coordination and supervision of activities within the organization that hasten the performance of the organization (Spencern, 2010). The structure also acts as the foundation in which the standard opera tional procedures and routines are managed and determines which individuals participate in the decision making process. What is an organization? An organization is a mechanism for coordination actions of people in order to obtain something they desire by creating value .The vision of the company is to be a logistic company in the world, in their mission statement the company strives to simplify the life of customers and to make customers, employees and investor more successful. They make a positive contribution to the people around the by demonstrating utmost respect while achieving results (DHL, 2013b). The headquarters for DHL UAE is strategically located in Dubai since it is a world premier transhipment hub of the Middle East. The trade link amongst China and the Middle East increased to 190 billion dollars in 2010 and DHL is enjoying being part of the shipment and other related logistics. This paper analyses DHL Company in terms of contingency, cultural, bureaucracy and politica l perspective in order to understand their operations fully. What is the importance of the organization? The importance of the organization is to increase specialization and division of labour while using large-scale technology and proper external environment management. DHL in the UAE is a subsidiary of DHL worldwide express, a fast growing company in the enormous growth that is expected to continue in the near future (DHL, 2013c). The HR Department in collaboration with other departments is responsible for recruiting all the employees drawn from various backgrounds to provide the division of labour needed by the company. Administration and compensation benefits are the fastest growing areas of the HR department in the UAE Company. The salaries are being streamlined to match the regional standards of the company in order to minimize spending. The medical benefits, the employee leave, car allowance that was previously administered in ad-hoc basis are now formalized to bring them to regional guidelines. What is organization theory? This is the study of how organizations functions and how they affect and are in turn affected by the environment in which they operate. The requirements of organization theory are that managers select and manage aspects of structure and culture of the company in

Consumer priority between cadbury and nestle chocolates

Consumer priority between cadbury and nestle chocolates In this research the product performance and buying behaviour of two famous brands of chocolates Nestle and Cadbury, which is use by people of all ages, is surveyed. This research involves interaction with people of PANIPAT. Conclusion of the research includes how people got these products on the change like advertisement, satisfaction, taste, packaging, price, quality, brand loyalty etc. and also which specialised brand of chocolate is most preferred by people of different age collections. In this research it is checked that how fast and how much chocolate they consumed, whether they buy small, big or family pack. Trend on changing basis their connection has been shown in the report. In this report it is tried to explain that the entire research and facts product wise. As already mentioned in this research the product performance and buying behaviour of two famous brands of chocolates Nestle and Cadbury, which are taking by people of all ages is surveyed. As consumers, everyone plays a vital role in the health of the economy international, local, national . The decision we make concern on our consuming behavior affect the demand for the basic raw materials, for the conveyence, banking, production; they effect the service of workers and decrement of resources and success of some few companies and failures of others. Thus marketer must understand this. PRIORITY (or taste) is a concept, used in the social sciences, particularly economics. It perceive a imagined or real choice between substitute and the probably of rank ordering of these substitute, based on gratification, enjoyment, happiness, satisfaction, utility they provide. More generally, it can be seen as a source of inspiring. In cognitive sciences, single choice enable choice of objectives/goals. The consumer significance not only emphasis on why and how consumers make purchasing decision, but also emphasize on why and how customers make some choice of the goods they make and their assesment of these goods after use. So for achieving of any company or product raise it is very necessary to take out its attention towards consumer preference. PROJECT BACKGROUND The source of chocolate can be captured back to the ancient Maya and Aztec civilizations in Central America, who first enjoyed chocolate a much-prized spicy drink made from roasted cocoa beans. Throughout its history, whether as cocoa or drinking chocolate beverage or confectionary treat, chocolate has been a much sought after food. The initial proof of chocolate was over twelve hundred years ago in the central America rain forests, where the tropical mix of high rain fall combined with high year round temperatures and humidity provide the ideal climate for cultivation of the plant from which chocolate is derived, the cacao tree. Chocolate is made from the cocoa bean, found in pods growing from the trunk and lower branches of the cacao tree, Latin name theobroma cacao meaning food of the gods Cacao was corrupted into the more familiar cocoa by the early European explorers. The Maya brewed a spicy, bittersweet drink by roasting and pounding the seeds of the cacao tree with maize and capsicum peppers and letting the mixture ferment. This drink was reserved for use in ceremonies as well as for drinking by the wealthy and religious elite; they also ate cacao porridge. The first mention of chocolate being eaten in solid form is when bakers in England began adding cocoa powder to cakes in the mid 1600s. Then in 1828 a Dutch chemist, Johannes van houten, invented a method of extracting the bitter tasting fat or cocoa butter from the roasted ground beans, his aim was to make the drink smoother and more palatable, however he unknowingly paved the way for solid chocolate as we know it. Chocolate as we know it today first appeared in 1847 when fry sons of Bristol, England mixed sugar with cocoa powder and cocoa butter (made by the van houten process) to produce the first solid chocolate bar then in1875 a Swiss manufacturer, Daniel peters, found a way to combine (some would say improve, some would say ruin) cocoa powder and cocoa butter with sugar and dried milk powder to produce the first milk chocolate. ABOUT NESTLE The  Company  was founded in  1866 by Henri Nestlà © in Vevey, Switzerland, where our headquarters are still located today. We employ around 280 000 people and have factories or operations in almost every country in the world. Nestlà © sales for 2010 were almost  CHF  110bn. Nestle strategy Nestlà ©s objectives are to be recognised as the world leader in Nutrition, Health and Wellness, trusted by all its stakeholders, and to be the reference for financial performance. We believe that leadership is not just about size; it is also about behaviour. Trust, too, is about behaviour; and we recognise that trust is earned only over a long period of time by consistently delivering on our promises. These objectives and behaviours are encapsulated in the simple phrase, Good Food, Good Life, a phrase that sums up our corporate ambition. ABOUT CADBURY Cadbury is a company with a long history in New Zealand and a passionate commitment to making everyone feel happy. Cadbury strategy This 6 Point Action Plan will help us deliver our contribution towards preventing obesity and positively influencing consumer health: 1.Innovation Through innovation were investing in the development of new products within every category that will provide consumers with more choice. These include lower calorie offerings and new sweetening options. In addition, were reducing trans-fats and salt content in our products and have discontinued marketing products with embedded toys. 2.Marketing weve introduced a Global Marketing Code of Practice with specific reference to children. We will not advertise where children under eight years are likely to be the majority of the audience. It also defines the special care to be taken when advertising to children between ages eight and twelve. 3.variety we help our consumers by providing a broader range of options across all our product ranges, to provide greater choice and flexibility for how they consume our products. We are including new portion sizes and sharing information on our labeling. Where we have larger product formats, we provide serving size information to make it clear that these products are for sharing or multi-occasions. 4.Labeling were looking for ways to help people make more informed choices about what they eat, how much and how often. This includes providing nutrition information in a format that is easier to understand and responsible consumption messages. Were applying a new global labeling standard, called Be Treat wise, to help educate consumers about the role of treats in the diet. 5.Vending We dont vend our confectionery or carbonated soft drink products in primary schools and will only vend these products in secondary schools by invitation and in line with nutritional guidelines set by the school. Guidelines for vending are included within our global marketing code of practice. 6.insight we continue to invest in consumer research that helps build our knowledge of health concerns, including obesity. Were using and sharing our consumer research and expertise to help improve understanding of concerns, both within and outside our business. PROJECT AIMS OBJECTIVES This project is based on the relative study consumer performance towards Nestle and Cadbury chocolates. Objectives of the study are: To the customer satisfaction level linked with the product and the customer first choice level. To enlarge customer satisfaction and recall the market share by satisfying the customer desires. To study the factor distressing the utilization sample. RESEARCH PROGRAM In this the method of the study is describe. This project is based on data composed from primary resources. After the complete study, an effort has been made to show full study of utilization of Cadbury and nestle chocolates taken by the people. The data had been used for various aspect like utilization, consumers first choice and customers approval regarding Cadbury and Nestle chocolates. In collecting vital data and information concerning the topic selected, I went to the people of Panipat and composed the data. Survey design: The study is a stratum study because the data were composed at a single time. For the reason of this study a connected sample of residents was selected on the basis of expediency. Sample Size and Design: A sample of 500 people was taken on the basis of expediency. The actual customer were contacted on the basis of random sampling. Time period of the Study:- The research will be take around 6 month. Research Period: Research work is carried in 8-12 weeks. Research Instrument: This work is passed out through the making of questionnaires. The questions integrated were open ended and obtainable multiple choices. Data Analysis: The data will be analyzed on the basis of appropriate tables by using mathematical techniques. The technique that I will use is bar technique. This dissertation includes the following area of research CONSUMER RESEARCH: customer research deals with customer and their troubles and solution to the problems. PRODUCT RESEARCH: Under product research variation which customers wants as to the packing, shape, quality, color and quantity etc of their desired chocolate is studied. PRICING RESEARCH: This includes capability to devour, to pay for the product, how much a person can spend on his/her favorite chocolate. ADVERTISING RESEARCH: Under this It is accomplished that whether the advertisement appeals the customer or not. DELIVERABLES Dissertation proposal Comparative study of customer response for Cadbury and nestle Review of existing literature on Cadbury and nestle Review of current market situation for Cadbury and nestle Reason for customer preference between Cadbury and nestle. Situations that are leading to customer dissatisfaction Dissertation report RESOURCES Data Collection: The data, which is collected for the purpose of study, is divided into 2 bases: Primary Source: The primary data include data survey of relative study of customer behavior towards Nestle and Cadbury chocolates. The information has been taken directly from answerer with the help of structured and unstructured questionnaires. Secondary Source: The secondary data was collected from internet, References from Library.

Rape fantasies :: essays research papers

Written in 1977, "Rape Fantasies" appears to be a recap of a conversation among several women during their lunch hour, a few of them playing bridge, one--Chrissy the receptionist--reading aloud from a tabloid. When Chrissy asks the question, "How about it, girls, do you have rape fantasies?" the story unfolds with each woman's response, all retold from the perspective of Estelle, who's doing her best to deflect the entire conversation by concentrating on her bidding. The conversation is tragically ironic, moving from woman to woman, Darlene calling the entire subject "disgusting," Greta describing a Tarzan-like scenario, Chrissy describing hers in a bubble bath, when Estelle, ever the voice of reason, reminds them that what they're describing are sexual fantasies: "Listen . . . those aren't rape fantasies. I mean, you aren't getting raped, it's just some guy you haven't met formally who happens to be more attractive than Derek Cummins . . . and you have a good time. Rape is when they've got a knife or something and you don't want to" (104.) Estelle then describes her rape fantasy where she deflects her attacker by squirting juice from a plastic lemon in his eyes ("You should hear the one about the Easy Off Cleaner"), but also includes the one where "this short, ugly fellow comes up and grabs my arm . . . [and] I say, kind of disgusted, 'Oh for Chrissake,' and he starts to cry," which prompts a wave of sympathy in Estelle (106). And there are more, each with Estelle warding off her attacker through outsmarting him ("I've just found out I have leukemia"), or talking him out of it. As the narrative continues, the reader becomes aware that Estelle is addressing someone in addition to the reader--"I hope you don't mind me holding my nose like this . . ." (107) and that person is probably a man (twice Estelle says, "But I guess it's different for a guy"). As the story ends, we realize that Estelle all along has been in a bar, speaking to a man she has just met, worrying about the possibility she will be raped by him. "Like, how could a fellow do that to a person he's just had a long conversation with, once you let them know you're human, you have a life too, I don't see how they could go ahead with it, right?

Deviant behavior Essay

The labeling theory and the social control theory are two explanations behind the concept of deviance. The labeling theory argues that society itself creates deviance by classifying certain behaviors or people as deviant. The social control theory, meanwhile, believes that deviance is a result of the failure of social institutions to enforce societal norms. Labeling and Social Control Theories Every culture has norms or standards that distinguish acceptable from unacceptable behavior. Actions or behaviors that go against cultural norms are referred to as deviance. To understand why some individuals resort to deviance, sociologists and criminologists first analyze how norms are created, modified and enforced. The labeling theory and the social control theory are just two of the explanations these experts have come up with regarding the nature of deviance. Labeling Theory The labeling theory argues that people assume deviant roles in society. No conduct or individual is inherently deviant – society itself creates deviance by classifying certain behaviors or people as deviant. Those who observe deviant manners acquire deviant identities by internalizing deviant labels that society imposes on them. Instead of finding the root cause of deviance, society will attribute it to particular behaviors or people (Kontos and Brotherton, 2008). Proponents of the labeling theory claim that the social group is the one responsible for deviance. It creates norms in order to differentiate conventional people from deviants. Norms, however, are detrimental in the sense that it does not recognize the difference between rule breakers or rule-breaking behavior and deviants or deviant behavior. A person is dismissed as deviant regardless of whether or not his or her actions actually violated any norm (Hamlin, n. d. ). The Stages of Labeling According to the American sociologist Howard Becker, a person undergoes three stages when he is transformed from being regarded as normal to being recognized and labeled as deviant. The first stage is the initial â€Å"public† labeling or the informal process of labeling that eventually becomes an official definition of a person as deviant. Examples of this are the shoplifter who is tried in court and is sent to prison as a â€Å"criminal† and the drunk whom the doctor or the psychiatrist diagnoses as an â€Å"alcoholic. † The process of labeling begins with just the doctor, psychiatrist and judge, and then finally spreads to the entire community (Slattery, 2003). The second stage involves the official label’s overriding of all the other statuses and symbols that a person previously had. Society will severe ties with this individual and deny him or her opportunities for advancement. The father who becomes an alcoholic, for instance, ends up being divorced by his wife and abandoned by his children. The ex-convict, meanwhile, is unable to buy a house or get a job because of his criminal record (Slattery, 2003). The third stage is characterized by the label severely damaging the self-esteem of the person involved. The â€Å"self-fulfilling prophecy† begins to take place – he or she may live up to the deviant label that society imposed on him or her by assuming a deviant lifestyle. He or she may also withdraw from â€Å"conventional† society by seeking support and status from other deviants who share similar lifestyles. An occasional drug user, for instance, may live up to his â€Å"reputation† as a junkie by going to underground bars and clubs frequented by drug addicts. The juvenile delinquent, on the other hand, may later become a professional criminal, in accordance to what society labeled him (Slattery, 2003).

Bleak House Imagery of Bleakness

The Imagery of Bleakness and Disease in Charles Dickens’s â€Å"Bleak House† Having been referred to as one of Dickens’s best novel, â€Å"Bleak House† is a novel which stands out, not only through its narrative technique, but also through the complex imagery the author conveys, managing somehow to relate this imagery to the real world, namely the XIXth century England. Thus, in spite of some instances of humorous, ironical scenes and a few comic characters, the novel reveals the sordidness and disease which seemed to prevail in England during those times. From the opening sentence of the novel, the Court of Chancery is introduced, being associated with the symbols of fog and mud: â€Å"Never can there come a fog too thick, never can there come mud and mire too deep,†¦ holds, this day† The word â€Å"fog† appears thirteen times in one paragraph, and many times throughout the novel, the author conveying thus a bleak imagery, symbolic for the English society of the XIXth century. Making use of a special narrative technique, Dickens chooses to have his story told by two different narrators, an omniscient third-person narrator and a first-person narrator, Esther Summerson, who is presenting her life from her own viewpoint. Unlike the generalizing, highly rhetorical voice which opens the novel, Esther’s voice begins hesitatingly, almost self-deprecating herself. This manner of presenting her story is highly relevant as it is seen as a result of her life as an orphan in the sordid house of a cruel, merciless aunt. Thus, regarding the imagery of bleakness, Esther can be deemed to have passed through a series of symbolic â€Å"bleak houses† before she reaches the real Bleak House, which proves to be the least bleak of all. Consequently, it can be considered that the names of the two houses – â€Å"Bleak House†, is nothing more than Dickens’s irony which becomes obvious only in the end of the novel. With regard to Esther’s evolution throughout the novel, the first and apparently worse bleak house is that of her childhood, where she is raised by her cruel aunt who tells her that â€Å"It would have been better †¦ hat you had never been born†. The little girl is taught to make use of submission, self-denial and diligent work so as to compensate for her guilt of having been born. Another bleak house situated in Esther’s long evolutionary path is the house of Mrs Jellyby, an apparently philanthropic woman who is more preoccupied with Africa than w ith her own numerous family. This was meant as a metaphor of imperial England, which was so much engaged around the world in those times, that it became out of touch with the problems it had at home. The imagery of bleakness is here complex, revealing a dirty, unkept for house, with children running all around it, without having anyone to care for them. The imagery of bleakness and disease is also evident in the description of Krook’s rooming house, an emblem of waste and neglect. Krook is described as a ragged man who keeps documents, â€Å"the detritus of legal London†(Davis,42) in his bottle shop, while his apartments are the home for the victims of Chancery, little Miss Flite and the ill law writer Nemo, two characters who represent two powerful instances of the imagery of disease. What is interesting is the way Dickens chooses to relate the bleakness of these houses to the law and the system of injustice, which serves itself, but ignores the effects its actions have upon humans. But even the law is perceived inside a bleak house, namely Tulkinghorn’s house in Lincoln’s Inn Fields, which is described as having been â€Å"let off in sets of chambers; and in those shrunken fragments of its greatness, lawyers lie like maggots in nuts†¦ Here among his many boxes labelled with transcendent names, lives Mr. Tulkinghorn. Everything that can have a lock has got one; no key is visible. † As far as the disease metaphor si concerned, this seems to be very complex in Jo, the illiterate sweeper, who is seen most of the time starving and begging. Given the society with no public education, Jo is allowed to know nothing, he is neglected by the system itself, being somehow forced to move on, regardless of his deprivations. The most seemingly bizarre expression of the disease metaphor is found in the figure of Krook, the illiterate rag and bottle merchant who seems to be the underworld equivalent of the Lord Chancellor. Just like him, Krook collects legal documents but he is not able to understand their content, and so they cannot help justice. As a warning for the established legal system stands the episode of Krook’s improbable death by spontaneous combustion, which is symbolic for legal England ending in fire, as â€Å"When the law becomes totally absorbed with itself and its own procedures, it is bound to destroy itself†, according to Dickens. In the light of the above-mentioned evidence, it can be said that the imagery of bleakness and disease in the lives of his characters is used by Charles Dickens so as to reveal the bleakness of England itself and how a sick system caused many injustices and perils for the poor, while the rich had a life of luxury and abundance. Works cited Primary sources: Dickens, Charles, Bleak House, Collins, London and Glasgow, 1953 Secondary sources: 2. Davis, Paul, Charles Dickens A Literary Reference to his Life and Work, Infobase Publishing, 1999, pp 41-45 3. Aubrey, Brian, Novels for Students, Gale Publishing, pp 84-86